Reading :
Reading adalah pokok bahasan yang cakupannya luas. Namun
bagian reading dalam USM STAN sebenarnya tidak susah, asal tahu apa maksud soal
dan bagaimana cara menetukan jawabannya. Biasanya, soal-soal Reading mencakup
hal-hal sebagai berikut:
- 1. Title
identification (menentukan judul)
- 2. Identifying
the main idea (menentukan ide pokok/gagasan/inti dari sebuah tulisan)
- 3. Expressions
and meanings and their usage (menentukan arti dan maksud dari sebuah kata,
istilah
atau gaya bahasa tertentu)
- 4. Finding
contextual answers according to the passage (menjawab pertanyaan sesuai konteks
berdasarkan isi dan maksud sebuah wancana atau tulisan)
- 5. True
or false (menentukan kebenaran atau kesalahan suatu pernyataan)
Mengetahui jenis teks membantu kita dalam menjawab soal,
misalnya dalam menentukan judul, ide pokok, dan maksud yang ingin disampaikan.
Jenis-jenis teks secara umum sebaagai berikut:
1- Recount: Menceritakan kembali suatu peristiwa dengan
tujuan sekadar memberitahu atau menghibur pembaca.
2- Report: Mendeskripsikan sesuatu hal dengan
apa adanya, berdasarkan fenomena alami, buatan manusia, ataupun sosial di dalam
lingkungan kita.
3- Discussion: Memaparkan
sekurang-kurangnya dua pendapat mengenai suatu isu/masalah.
4- Explanation: Menjelaskan
proses-proses yang ada terkait pembuatan atau pelaksanaan dalam
fenomena/kejadian alami atau sosial budaya.
5- Narrative: Menceritakan suatu hal
dengan tujuan menghibur. Hal-hal yang diceritakan bersifat problematic, dengan
urutan kejadian tertentu yang berujung pada konflik atau krisis yang diakhiri
resolusi.
6- Procedure: Mendeskripsikan bagaimana
sesuatu terjadi lewat rangkaian kejadian atau langkah-langkah tertentu.
7- Description: Mendeskripsikan seseorang, tempat tertentu,
atau hal tertentu.
8- Review: Kritik/Ulasan tentang suatu karya atau
acara untuk khalayak ramai. Review juga menunjukkan bagaimana suatu karya
termasuk film, acara televise, buku, drama, opera, pameran, konser, daan
pertunjukkan balet.
9- Exposition (Analitical): Persuades
the reader or listener that something is the case.
1- Exposition (Hortatory): karangan yang
berusaha meyakinkan pembaca, yang berisi argument-argumen tentang suatu
masalah.
1- News Item: Menginformasikan kepadaa pembaca
tentang kejadian tertentu yang dianggap penting untuk diberitakan.
1- Anecdote: Karangan yang bertujuan untuk menceritakan
kejadian yang unik, lucu, atau luar biasa.
Contoh Soal:
People express their personalities in their clothes, their
cars, and their homes. A study shows that our diets are also an expression of
our personalities. Perhaps we don’t choose foods only for taste and nutrition.
We might choose them because they “tell” people something about us. For
example, some people eat mainly gourmet foods, such as caviar and lobster, and
they only eat in expensive restaurants (never in cafeterias or snack bars). They
might want to “tell” the world that they know about the “better things in
life”.
Human beings can eat many different kinds of food, but some
people choose not to eat meat. These vegetarians often have more in common than
just their diet. Their personalities might be similar, too. For example,
vegetarians in the United States may be creative people, and they might not
enjoy competitive sports or jobs. They worry about the health of the world, and
they probably don’t believe in war.
Some people eat mostly “fast-food”. One study shows that many
fat-food eaters have a lot I common with each other, but they are very much
different from vegetarians. They are competitive and good at business. They are
also in a hurry. Many fast-food eaters might not agree with this description of
their personalities, but it’s a common picture of them.
Some people also believe that people of the same astrological
sign, have similar food personalities. Arians (born under the sign of Aries,
between March 21 and April 19) usually like spicy food, with a lot of onions
and pepper. People with the sign of Taurus (April 20 to May 20) prefer
healthful fruits and vegetables, but they often eat too much. Sgittarians
(November 22 to December 21) like ethnic foods from many different countries.
Aquarians (January 20 to February 18 ) can eat as much meat and fish as they
want, but sugar and cholesterol are sometimes problems for them.
1. What’s the
suitable title for the text?
a. Types of Food
b. How a the Personality of a
Vegetarian is Connected with Their Food
c. Food Personalities
d. Food and the Zodiac
2.
According to
the text, it is possible that people choose their foods because…
a. They tell the person what interests them.
b. They tell
them what’s tasty and nutritious.
c. They are an alternative to clothes and cars
d. They tell
people something about those who eat them.
3.
What’s the main idea of paragraph two?
a. Vegetarians are people who don’t eat meat.
b. There are
many vegetarians in the US who don’t enjoy competitive sports and jobs.
c. Vegetarians in the US don’t believe in war.
d. Vegetarians
are not only similar in their diet, but they’re also similar in personality.
4.
The word
“their” in paragraph three line four refers to..
a. fast food c.
description
b. vegetarians d. fast food
eaters
5.
The word ethnic in paragraph four has the closest
meaning to the word…
a. traditional c.
old-fashioned
b. national d.
tribal
6.
Which is true according to the text?
a. Some people choose not to eat meat because they
dislike competitive sports or jobs.
b. Fat food
eaters have a lot in common with vegetarians.
c. People born on the 23rd of April are said
to like healthful fruits and vegetables.
d. Sugar and
cholesterol are objects of no concern to Aquarians.
Jawaban:
1.
C
2.
D
3.
D
4.
D
5.
A
6. C
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