MATERI KELAS X Semester 2
Inti dari text/genre
berbentuk DESCRIPTIVE adalah menggambarkan atau mendeskripsikan sesuatu yang
spesifik/khusus, bisa benupa orang, benda, ataupun tempat, dengan
menyebutkan.karakteristik/ciri-ciri yang melekat pada benda tersebut,
bagaimana bentuknya, berapa ukuranya, terletak dimana, dsb. Tujuan teks
berbentuk deskripsi yaitu menggambarkan objek sejelas mungkin sehingga pembaca
seolah-olah bisa melihat sendiri atau menggambarkan subjek tersebut secara
langsung. Perbedaan teks jenis ini dengan teks berbentuk report terletak pada
specific tidaknya si subjek. Kalau subjek atau benda tersebut berlaku untuk
spesifik (diungkapkan ciri-cirinya), biasanya tergolong deskriptif, sedangakan
kalau objeknya berlaku general/umum ( diungkapkan kegunaanya, kebiasaanya, dsb)
biasanya tergolong report.
Istilah-isGlah
penting yang perlu diketahui da/am Descriptive Genre:
Specific/individual
participant: tokoh
cerita bersifat spesifik atau khusus, yang mengacu pada satu buah subjek dan
tidak berlaku pada semua/general.
Attributive and
identifying process:
keterangan tambahan dari subjek yang kita sebutkan, misainya penggunaan
adjective clause, adjective phrase, ataupun penggunaan LINKING VERB.
Relational
Process disebut
juga dengan istilah "Linking verb" (Kata kerja penghubung} yang
berguna untuk menghubungkan subject dengan pelengkap (sebagai subject complement),
misalnya, to be (is, am, are, was, were) taste, look, seem,
beccfr,s,smc!t, consist of, derive from, function as,etc.
Classifier
in Nominal group: Penggunaan
kata-kata bilangan ataupun jumlah. bilangan untuk pengklasifikasian subjek ,
misainya: one of..., many of...
B.
TEXT SUMMARY
Generally
when we write, we want to describe our subject very clearly. When finished
reading the description, the reader should be able to see the subject in his or
her mind clearly as you see it in yours. Imagine, for example, that you want to
describe your parents to a new friend. In your mind you have a very clear
picture of your parents, including the soft lines around your father's eyes and
the happy chuckle of your mother's laugh. Your friend however has no past
images of your parents. He or she must rely on your words. Your goal, then, is
to use enough carefully chosen, specific details in your description so that
your friends could pick your parents out of a group of people.
When describing a subject, one can use two
kinds of details: Objective details and subjective details. Objective details
are those that describe (actual information about the subject based on the five
senses (sight, touch, taste, smell, and hearing). There is no emotion or
opinion in objective details; In contrast, subjective details are those that
express the readers’ personal opinion on the subject. The details do not have
to be based on factual information.
Social function/Communicative Approach/
Purpose:
to describe a particular person, place, or
thing.
Generic Structure/ Text organization:
1.
General
classification: introduces the topic .
2.
Description:
provides details of the topic such as parts, quantities or qualities,
characteristics
Language Features:
1.
Focus
on specific participants
2.
Use
of attributive and identifying process (linking verbs, such as taste, smell,
appear, look)
3.
Use
of simple present tense
4.
Frequent
use of classifier in nominal group
Borobudur
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Exercise 1.
Yogyakarta
Yogyakarta is one of the
nicest places I have ever visited. II is a city in south of Java Island. It is
a pupular holiday resort for people who like cultural and historical sites.
Yogyakarta is a small
city but there are lots of different things to see there are many temples in
the province, such as Prambanan, Kalasan, and Sambi Sari. There are also two
palaces that we must not miss, Hamengkubuwono and Paku Alam palace. Yogyakarta
is a tropical city. There are lots of palm trees and other tropical fruit
trees. There are also beautiful beaches, such as Parangtritis, Krakal, Kukup,
Glagah. It is not difficult to get around the city at the day because taxis and
buses are easily found. Unfortunately, there is no bus in the evening. The only
way to see the nightlife of the city is by taxi, but it is rare at night.
1.What is the social function of the text?
- To retell an event
- To persuade the readers to visit Yogyakarta
- To describe Yogyakarta
- To share with others or the readers
- To deal with the experience of the writer when
2. Which one is incorrect about Yogyakarta?
- 11 has two palaces, Hamengkubuwono and Paku Alam Palace
- It has cultural and historical sites
- Prambanan is one of the temples in Yogyakarta
- There are many taxis and buses at the day and at night
- It is located in south of Java island.
3. The text above is classified into a/an...
a.
recount
b.
narrative
c.
report
d.
news item
e.
descriptive
4. The text is written in the form of...
a.
simple present tense
b.
pact simple tense
c.
present continuous tense
d.
past perfect tense
e.
present future tense
5. The
schematic structure of the text above is...
a.
general identification —
description
b.
news worthy event—
background— source
c.
orientation — events —
reorientation
d.
goal— steps
e.
orientation crisis
resolution
6.
The main idea of paragraph two is...
a.
Yogyakarta is one of the
nicest places the writer has ever visited
b.
Yogyakarta is a small
city but there are lots of different thing to see
c.
Hamengkubuwono and Paku
Alam palace
d.
The only way to see the
nightlife is by taxi
e.
Yogyakarta is a tropical
city
Exercise 2.
Insects are small
creatures. They have no bones, but have six legs. Insects live everywhere, in
the house, in the garden, in the field and in many other places. Insects are
not always bad as sometimes people think. Bad insects are for instance flies,
cockroaches, and mosquitoes. Such insects are not only bad but sometimes also
dangerous. Flies like to live on rubbish and other dirty places. They may cause
disease such as typhus, cholera etc. a certain type of mosquito brings malaria.
Some insects are very useful to people, for example; bees
which produce honey. Bees like to fly one flower to other flowers. When a bee
moves from one flower to other flower, this may cause the produce seeds.
Bees are not usually dangerous, except you make them
angry. If you disturb bees, they will be angry. And if they are angry, they
will fly to attack you wherever you go. This is very dangerous.
7.
What is genre of the text above…?
- narrative
- procedure
- news item
- descriptive
- report
8.
What insects are
dangerous for our health…?
a.
Mosquitoes which make
people angry.
b.
Certain type of bees and
flies.
c.
Insect which live on dirty
places.
d.
Insects which like to fly
among the flowers.
e.
Insects which produce
honey.
9.
What is the main idea of
paragraph 3…?
a.
Bees will disturb people
if they are angry.
b.
Bees always attack when
people disturb them.
c.
Bees fly to attack people
whenever they do.
d.
Bees are not usually
dangerous.
e.
Bees can’t fly as high as
other insects.
10. What does the word ‘they’ (par.3) refer to…?
a.
Flowers
b.
Bees
c.
Seeds
d.
Mosquitoes
e.
Creatures
11. Flies may cause disease because…?
a.
They disturb us
b.
They are bad insects
c.
They are dirty
d.
They live on rubbish
e.
They bring malaria
12. They are dangerous insects, except…?
a.
Cockroach
b.
Bees
c.
Mosquito
d.
Flies
e.
Crocodile
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